To prevent multiple myeloma, scientists are investigating what causes the disease. Recent evidence has linked myeloma with exposure to toxic chemicals. Several viruses have been identified as potential triggers. We also now know there is a 2- to 4-fold increased risk of myeloma or related diseases among first-degree family members of patients with MGUS, smoldering multiple myeloma, or active multiple myeloma.

Researchers at IMF-funded studies are exploring the genetic mechanisms that might be at play:

• A large-scale project in Germany is poised to reveal the details about what is causing myeloma within families. 
• In Iceland, the iStopMM investigative team is working to pinpoint the earliest possible evidence of the precursor to myeloma, with nearly 80,000 people sharing their medical histories, exposures, and DNA sequence information.