- Alkylators: Traditional form of chemotherapy used in multiple myeloma, including drugs like melphalan and cyclophosphamide.
- Proteasome Inhibitors: Drugs like bortezomib, ixazomib, and carfilzomib that inhibit the proteasome, leading to cell death. Can be effective in combination with other drugs but can cause neuropathy and drop blood counts.
- Immunomodulatory Drugs: Thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide, which interact with myeloma cells and their environment. Side effects can include neuropathy, fatigue, and constipation.
- Monoclonal Antibodies: Daratumumab, isatuximab, and elotuzumab target specific molecules on the surface of myeloma cells, triggering the immune system to destroy them. Infusion reactions may occur during the first doses.
- XPO1 Inhibitors: Selinexor blocks the XPO1 pathway to prevent cancerous cell growth instead of it spreading. Side effects can include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and decreased blood counts.
Drug Classes Made Simple
Myeloma Made Simple: The Main Types of Drugs Used to Treat Myeloma
Join Dr. Joseph Mikhael, Chief Medical Officer of the International Myeloma Foundation, as he simplifies the complexities of drug classes for myeloma patients. Learn about the mechanisms, benefits, and risks of alkylators, proteasome inhibitors, immunomodulatory drugs, monoclonal antibodies, and more. Stay informed and empower yourself!
Drug Class Overview
"Myeloma Made Simple," is a new video series brought to you by the International Myeloma Foundation.
In each episode, IMF Chief Medical Officer Dr. Joseph Mikhael tackles a range of complex topics about multiple myeloma—drug classes, new treatments, shared decision making, and more— in an easy-to-understand format for patients and families.
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With Support from Janssen Oncology
